Royalty: Kings & Queens, Prince's & Princess's page 2
CHIENG SAEN PERIOD
The following is the history of Chieng Saen literally translated: The first country made was Chieng Lawah ; and Phya Anu Ruta, who made an era, came with one thousand things for amusement (Boriwan). He founded Muang Nguan Yang. His descendants were Lao Kop-Lao Chang.
Lao Kao Keo Ma Muang reigned 45 years. Lao Tang reigned 26 years.
Lao Kum reigned 10 years. Lao Leo reigned 16 years. Lao Kupp reigned 15 years.
Lao Kumm reigned 15 years. Lao Keng reigned 26 years. Lao Ko reigned 20 years.
Lao Tung reigned 17 years. Lao Terng reigned 20 years. Lao Tun reigned 16 years.
Lao Sun reigned 21 years. Lao Kwaka reigned 21 years. Lao Kwit reigned 35 years.
Lao Chung reigned 16 years. Lao Chum Palurrng reigned 11 years.
Kun Chuenng reigned 14 years who was killed in battle, finishing the dynasty of nineteen kings. The last king was succeeded by Menta Tawk, who again was succeeded by Lao Ngun Luang, who reigned 22 years. Lao Chuenn, who reigned 10 years. Lao Muang, who reigned 25 years.
Phya Muang Rai
Phya Muang Rai.- founded Chieng Rai in the year 624 (A.D. 1263 ), and in 636 founded M. Fang. He then waged war with Lampun, and after a seven years' siege took the place. In five years he built Wieng Kum Kan, it is supposed, on a site between the present Chieng Mai and Lampun. At this time the wife of the King, Nang Paiko, went to Ava, and brought back with her a gong-maker to Chieng Rai, and in 657 (A.D. 1296) Chieng Mai was founded. The King died, being struck by lightning, at the age of eighty in the year 680. He was succeeded by his son, Kun Fu, who reigned seven years. Kun Fu was succeeded by Phya Sen Pu , who lived at M. Nguan Yang two years, and founded Chieng Saen in 692 (A.D. 1331).
In 727 the Haw (chinese) came to Chieng Saen and were defeated; and in 767 they again invaded Chieng Saen. The angels were invoked by Tao Sam Phya, and the Haw were struck by lightning and dispersed. An astrologer and priest, by name Maha Sari Wong So, who helped to bring about the destruction of the Haw, was given the island Dawn Ten, on which he built some beautiful temples. In 918 (A.D. 1557) Upa Yao Wa Raja came from Lan Chang , and went back after three years.
In the year 954 (A.D. 1593) Hupa Acha invaded Siam with 1,700,000 men, and from that time Chieng Saen became a part of Burmah. In 987 M. Nan and Chieng Kawng rebelled, and in 988 were re-conquered. The same year Chieng Rung was conquered. In 1017 the King of Burmah made a division of territory between two brothers. The younger brother was Chao Ing Ku Tia Wong Na-Kwa . His head-quarters were Chieng Saen, and the following countries placed under Chieng Saen: M. Kai, M. Lai, M. Len, M. Palao, Chieng Lap, M. Luang Puka, M. Puka.
With the steady decline of Cambodian court life, the families found it advantageous to shift their allegiances to the upcoming Siam kings. For despite their instalment of the popular Buddha cult, transforming that faith into a state decreed religion, the rulers of neighboring Siam strove hard to surround themselves with all the appurtenances of Khmer Royalty, and recruited court Brahmans from Cambodia.
By the early 1200s, Thais had established small northern city states in Lana, Phayao and Sukhothai. In 1238, two Thai chieftains rebelled against Khmer rule and established the first truly independent Thai kingdom in Sukhothai (literally, "Dawn of Happiness"). Sukhothai saw the Thais' gradual expansion throughout the entire Chao Phraya River basin, the establishment of Theravada Buddhism as the paramount religion, the creation of the Thai alphabet and the first expression of nascent Thai art forms, including painting, sculpture, architecture and literature.
Khun Bang Klang Thao and Khun Pha Muang who held the governorship of Ban Yang and Rad respectively decided to join their forces together and to overthrow the Khmer rule. Through the support of the Thais, Khun Bang Klang Thao was proclaimed King Si Inthrathit of Sukhothai. Thus was born the Thai kingdom of Sukhothai in 1238.
King Inthrathit (Sri Indraditya)
1238 - 1257
In 1238, King Inthrathit conquered the town of Sukhothai from the Cambodians and founded the Thai Kingdom of Sukhothai. His wife, Queen Nang Suang produced five children, three sons and two daughters. The eldest son died at an early age. Two of the sons; Ban Muang, and Ramkhanmaeng, would later become Kings.
King Ban Muang
1257 - 1279
King Ban Muang, was the eldest surviving son of King Inthrathit and Queen Nang Suang. His elder brother died at an early age, leaving him next in line, He became king after the death of his father in 1257, and reigned for 18 years consolidating Sukhothai and strengthening the foundling Thai kingdom. He died in 1279 his brother Pra Ramkhanmaeng, later became King.
King Ramkhamhaeng
The Great 1279-1300
In 1275, King Ramkhamhaeng the hero who had once defeated Khun Sam Chon the ruler of Chot, in battle with both combatants mounted on elephants, ascended to the throne and proceeded to expand the boundaries of the Thai Kingdom. The expansion started along the banks of the Chao Phya River and eventually reached the Mekong River basin.
King Ramkhamhaeng expanded the boundaries to Luang Prabang and Vientiane on the Mekong River. In the northeast, Phayao and Chieng Mai were under Thai suzerainty but were allowed to remain free, and friendly relations were maintained with the two City-states. In the central region, Lopburi and Ayutthaya remained independent. To the west, the boundries of the Thai kingdom extended to the Indian Ocean and encompassed Tavoy and Tenasserim (including) Mergui). To the south, the kingdom's boundaries reached Malacca. King Ramkhamhaeng conducted diplomacy in a manner, maintaining cordial relations with Phya Mengrai and Phya Ngammuang, both of whom were both Thai rulers. Although some differences existed among them, especially between King Ramkhamhaeng and Phya Ngammuang, this did not lead to armed conflict, and was usually left to Phya Mengrai to act as mediator.
In 1282, China sent an envoy to conclude a treaty of friendship with Sukhothai. King Ramkhamhaeng himself also traveled twice to China in 1294 and 1300. On the latter occasion, he brought back with him skilled artisans from China to produce the pottery known as Sangkhalok or Sawankhalok, which was later exported to other countries and is renowned to the present day.
There was also relations between Sukhothai and Ceylon in the realm of religion and a number of Thai's entered the monkshood in Ceylon and brought back the countries sect of Buddhism. The Phra Buddhasihing Buddha image was also obtained from Ceylon.
King Lo Thai (Loethai)
1298-1346 or 1347
King Ngua Nam Thom (Nguanamthom)
1346 or 1347
Mahathammaratcha I (Luthai) Thammaracha
1347-1374
King Mahathammaratcha II ( Thammaracha II )
1374-1399
Mahathammaratcha III (Sai Luthai) (Thammaracha III)
1399-1419
King Mahathammaratcha IV (Thammaracha)
1419-1438
Conquered by Adudhya, 1438
TO BE UPDATED...
